A Practical Guide to Emissions Measurement Without Overspending

How oil and gas operators can focus on what’s necessary, use public data where it helps, and avoid overbuilding methane programs.

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With emissions regulations tightening and market expectations evolving, many operators are weighing how much to invest in new methane measurement efforts—and how much is actually necessary.

The goal isn’t to build the most comprehensive emissions monitoring system money can buy. It’s to build a plan that’s defensible, efficient, and proportional to your asset profile and reporting risk.

Here’s how to think about it.

1. Know Why You’re Measuring

Before spending another dollar, clarify what you’re solving for:

• Regulatory readiness? (e.g., EPA Subpart W, OOOOb, EU Methane Regulation)
  
• Voluntary reporting? (e.g., OGMP 2.0, MiQ)
  
• Operational response? (e.g., targeting super-emitters, avoiding downtime)
  
• Customer or investor requirements? (e.g., intensity thresholds or certification)
  
  

Not every operator needs a full stack of satellites, continuous monitors, and advanced analytics. The level of measurement should match the level of scrutiny.

2. Use What You Already Have

Most operators already collect methane-relevant data, even if it’s not labeled that way:

• OGI surveys and LDAR records
  
• SCADA and control systems that can flag upset events
  
• Maintenance logs tied to equipment that’s known to leak
  
• Public datasets like EPA GHGRP, satellite detections (e.g., Carbon Mapper), or academic flyover studies
  
  

Start by aggregating what’s available—public or internal—before layering in new sensors or contractors. You may find 70% of what you need is already in-house or accessible for free.

3. Build Measurement Around Risk

Emissions measurement doesn’t have to be uniform across all assets. A smart plan allocates resources where the risk is highest:

• High-volume or high-visibility sites (e.g., near public land or infrastructure) may justify more frequent surveys or continuous monitoring
  
• Low-producing or remote sites might be better served by periodic flyovers or sample-based estimates
  
• Known leakers (e.g., pneumatic controllers, tanks, compressors) should be tracked with targeted follow-up
  
  

The goal is coverage based on risk, not coverage for coverage’s sake.

4. Use Measurement to Reduce Work—Not Create More

Your measurement plan should make the rest of your job easier:

• Can it feed directly into field workflows?
  
• Can it help prioritize repairs?
  
• Can it be tied to operational data to rule out false positives or explain emissions events?
  

If measurement creates data that no one uses—or that requires another layer of processing—it’s not adding value.

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5. Plan for Reporting Without Starting Over

Whether it’s OOOOb, OGMP 2.0, or MiQ, more structured reporting is coming. But most of these frameworks don’t require real-time monitoring across every asset—they require transparency, consistency, and auditability.

You can often meet the requirement by:

• Tagging existing detections with more metadata (e.g., time, location, source)
  
• Recording the outcome of repairs
  
• Using a centralized system to track detections through resolution
  

It’s less about new data—and more about organizing the data you already collect.

Bottom Line

You don’t need a gold-plated methane program. You need a fit-for-purpose plan that reflects your actual risk, uses what’s already available, and supports both operational and reporting goals.

Start with what you have. Fill only the highest-impact gaps. Focus on execution—not instrumentation.

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